Raccoons are the primary wildlife rabies vector in Alabama, with recent 2025/2026 cases confirmed in Baldwin, Jackson, and Jefferson counties. Wildlife officials are warning Alabama residents to watch for oral rabies vaccine baits that will be distributed from the air. The effort is part of the United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services program. Low-flying airplanes and helicopters will be used in the vaccination area. Residents are being asked to handle the baits carefully, if at all.

The distribution is set to begin Sunday, January 25, 2026. The USDA said baits will be spread throughout the vaccination area, also called the bait zone. The baits are being used as part of the Wildlife Services Oral Rabies Vaccination Program.

Officials recommend that anyone who finds bait leave it alone so wildlife can find it. If a bait is intact and out in the open where children or pets play, it can be tossed deeper into the woods or brush. People should wear gloves or use a towel when handling bait and wash their hands afterward.

The notice also warns about contact with the liquid vaccine inside the bait. Anyone who comes into contact with the liquid vaccine in the bait should wash their hands immediately. They should also contact their local health department for further guidance.

The USDA said the baits are not harmful to pets, but eating a large number may cause temporary stomach upset. Pet owners are also advised not to try to take baits away from their pets. Officials said owners could be bitten in the process and exposed to the vaccine.

Residents are asked to review the program documents carefully. People with questions can contact the USDA at 1-866-487-3297 about the Wildlife Services Oral Rabies Vaccination Program. Additional information is available on the USDA website: USDA APHIS Rabies Program.